Which factor contributes to rapid progression of root caries in the elderly?

Which factor contributes to rapid progression of root caries in the elderly?

• A. Gingival recession exposing root surfaces
• B. Dental sealants
• C. Fluoride varnish
• D. Tooth whitening

Answer: (A)

Rapid progression of root caries in the elderly is driven by exposure of root surfaces due to gingival recession. When the gums recede, cementum and dentin become exposed to the oral environment, and unlike enamel, they are more vulnerable to acid attack and demineralization. Root surfaces have lower mineral content and are more porous, with dentin tubules that allow acids to diffuse more quickly, so once decay starts it tends to advance faster. Additionally, older adults often have reduced saliva flow, which diminishes natural cleansing and buffering of acids, further speeding progression. Dental sealants protect enamel pits and fissures and don’t directly influence root surfaces. Fluoride varnish helps prevent caries by reinforcing remineralization, not by promoting progression. Tooth whitening is cosmetic and does not affect caries dynamics.

Rapid progression of root caries in the elderly is driven by exposure of root surfaces due to gingival recession. When the gums recede, cementum and dentin become exposed to the oral environment, and unlike enamel, they are more vulnerable to acid attack and demineralization. Root surfaces have lower mineral content and are more porous, with dentin tubules that allow acids to diffuse more quickly, so once decay starts it tends to advance faster. Additionally, older adults often have reduced saliva flow, which diminishes natural cleansing and buffering of acids, further speeding progression.

Dental sealants protect enamel pits and fissures and don’t directly influence root surfaces. Fluoride varnish helps prevent caries by reinforcing remineralization, not by promoting progression. Tooth whitening is cosmetic and does not affect caries dynamics.